Dependence and misuse are potential risks with many prescription medicines, particularly when used long term or outside medical guidance. If any treatment option with a known risk of dependence is being considered, this is carefully assessed during the consultation. Factors such as past substance use, mental health history, dose, and duration of treatment are taken into account.

Not all patients are suitable for treatments that carry a risk of dependence, and ongoing monitoring is essential where such treatments are prescribed. Treatment decisions are individualised, based on clinical need and risk–benefit assessment.